It's another months and consequently it's time for a new incremental 0.7 release.
Additions
Unlike 0.7.1, 0.7.2 doesn't really add anything major, but just add a few quality of life enhancements:
||| and &&& with variable right hand side
Rather than writing:
$if FOO:
bool x = true;
$else
bool x = foo();
$endif
It's now possible to use ||| to write this compactly as:
bool x = FOO ||| foo();
&&& also supports this.
Compile time random: @rnd
Sometimes it can be useful to create unique ids at compile time. This is now possible with the @rnd macro.
Compile time ceil: math::@ceil
It is somewhat hard to write a good compile time ceil function, so 0.7.2 adds a builtin which is accessible using the math::@ceil macro.
Set the run directory
To make c3c run and c3c compile-run more convenient, it's now possible to use --run-dir (or the project setting run-dir) to set the director from which the compiler runs the resulting binary.
Suffix deprecations
The bitsize suffixes are deprecated, so rather than writing 23u64 use the C style 23UL instead. u128 and i128 suffixes are replaced by ULL and LL suffixes.
Finally, the d suffix for doubles have been added as a complement to f.
Compile time reflection deprecations
MyEnum.elements have been deprecated. Use MyEnum.len instead.
SomeFn.params have been deprecated. Use SomeFn.paramsof instead.
Limits to SIMD sizes
Limitations of vectors are sometimes misunderstood, they will cause code bloat if used for large vectors. For this reason a max vector size has been introduced. By default this is 4096 bits, so basically the size of double[<64>]. It is possible to increase this using --max-vector-size as needed. (As a comparison, the biggest SIMD vectors on x64 is 512 bits, so such a 4096 bit vector would be represented by 8 registers).
has_tagof works on builtin types
While has_tagof will always return false on builtin types, this change nonetheless simplifies writing compile time code involving tags.
Allow recursive generic modules
To simplify generic module resolution it was not possible to recursively generate generic module. This restriction has been lifted in 0.7.1.
Deprecation for old @param docs
By 0.7.1 the declaration style @param foo "abc" would be allowed rather than @param foo : "abc". This was by accident. It's now properly deprecated.
Generic faults are not allowed
Creating faults that are parameterized is usually a mistake and should not have been allowed. It's been completely removed in 0.7.2 as it was classified as a bug.
So no more
module Foo {Type};
typedef BAZ, HELLO;
Faults should be places in a parent or sub-module instead.
Fixes
This release contains about 30 different fixes, most of them newly discovered and not regressions.
They range from fixes to advanced generic types to stdlib bugs.
Stdlib updates
Currently a new version of the matrix library is incubating, and while it didn't make it for the 0.7.2 release, I hope it can be included by 0.7.4.
Optimized String -> ZString conversions
Sometimes a String is already pointing to a valid ZString, so no copy is needed. To check this, String gets two new methods .is_zstr to check if the String is also zero terminated, and .quick_zstr which will create a temp ZString if needed, but otherwise use the String.
std::ascii moves into core
std::ascii moved into std::core::ascii. Old _m variants are deprecated, as is uint methods.
Better String tokenization
It's now possible to further customize tokenization, to ignore empty elements in the middle (or not), ignore any last empty elements at the end (or not). This introduces .tokenize_all which replaces the now deprecated .splitter method.
Count and replace
String further gets some conveniences: .count to count the number of instances of a string within the string and replace / treplace to return a new String with a substring replaced. This functionality was already in DString, but was now added to String as well.
Operator overloads for std::time and Maybe
Duration * Int, Clock - Clock and DateTime + Duration overloads were added for manipulating time.
For Maybe, the == operator is available when the inner type is equatable.
Subprocess improvements
Subprocess added an inherit_stdio option to inherit the parent's stdin, stdout, and stderr instead of creating pipes.
Changelist
The full changelist is here:
### Changes / improvements
- Better default assert messages when no message is specified #2122
- Add `--run-dir`, to specify directory for running executable using `compile-run` and `run` #2121.
- Add `run-dir` to project.json.
- Add `quiet` to project.json.
- Deprecate uXX and iXX bit suffixes.
- Add experimental LL / ULL suffixes for int128 and uint128 literals.
- Allow the right hand side of `|||` and `&&&` be runtime values.
- Added `@rnd()` compile time random function (using the `$$rnd()` builtin). #2078
- Add `math::@ceil()` compile time ceil function. #2134
- Improve error message when using keywords as functions/macros/variables #2133.
- Deprecate `MyEnum.elements`.
- Deprecate `SomeFn.params`.
- Improve error message when encountering recursively defined structs. #2146
- Limit vector max size, default is 4096 bits, but may be increased using --max-vector-size.
- Allow the use of `has_tagof` on builtin types.
- `@jump` now included in `--list-attributes` #2155.
- Add `$$matrix_mul` and `$$matrix_transpose` builtins.
- Add `d` as floating point suffix for `double` types.
- Deprecate `f32`, `f64` and `f128` suffixes.
- Allow recursive generic modules.
- Add deprecation for `@param foo "abc"`.
- Add `--header-output` and `header-output` options for controlling header output folder.
- Generic faults is disallowed.
### Fixes
- Assert triggered when casting from `int[2]` to `uint[2]` #2115
- Assert when a macro with compile time value is discarded, e.g. `foo();` where `foo()` returns an untyped list. #2117
- Fix stringify for compound initializers #2120.
- Fix No index OOB check for `[:^n]` #2123.
- Fix regression in Time diff due to operator overloading #2124.
- attrdef with any invalid name causes compiler assert #2128.
- Correctly error on `@attrdef Foo = ;`.
- Contract on trying to use Object without initializing it.
- Variable aliases of aliases would not resolve correctly. #2131
- Variable aliases could not be assigned to.
- Some folding was missing in binary op compile time resolution #2135.
- Defining an enum like `ABC = { 1 2 }` was accidentally allowed.
- Using a non-const as the end range for a bitstruct would trigger an assert.
- Incorrect parsing of ad hoc generic types, like `Foo{int}****` #2140.
- $define did not correctly handle generic types #2140.
- Incorrect parsing of call attributes #2144.
- Error when using named argument on trailing macro body expansion #2139.
- Designated const initializers with `{}` would overwrite the parent field.
- Empty default case in @jump switch does not fallthrough #2147.
- `&&&` was accidentally available as a valid prefix operator.
- Missing error on default values for body with default arguments #2148.
- `--path` does not interact correctly with relative path arguments #2149.
- Add missing `@noreturn` to `os::exit`.
- Implicit casting from struct to interface failure for inheriting interfaces #2151.
- Distinct types could not be used with tagof #2152.
- `$$sat_mul` was missing.
- `for` with incorrect `var` declaration caused crash #2154.
- Check pointer/slice/etc on `[out]` and `&` params. #2156.
- Compiler didn't check foreach over flexible array member, and folding a flexible array member was allowed #2164.
- Too strict project view #2163.
- Bug using `#foo` arguments with `$defined` #2173
- Incorrect ensure on String.split.
- Removed the naive check for compile time modification, which fixes #1997 but regresses in detection.
### Stdlib changes
- Added `String.quick_ztr` and `String.is_zstr`
- std::ascii moved into std::core::ascii. Old _m variants are deprecated, as is uint methods.
- Add `String.tokenize_all` to replace the now deprecated `String.splitter`
- Add `String.count` to count the number of instances of a string.
- Add `String.replace` and `String.treplace` to replace substrings within a string.
- Add `Duration * Int` and `Clock - Clock` overload.
- Add `DateTime + Duration` overloads.
- Add `Maybe.equals` and respective `==` operator when the inner type is equatable.
- Add `inherit_stdio` option to `SubProcessOptions` to inherit parent's stdin, stdout, and stderr instead of creating pipes. #2012
- Remove superfluous `cleanup` parameter in `os::exit` and `os::fastexit`.
- Add `extern fn ioctl(CInt fd, ulong request, ...)` binding to libc;
If you want to read more about C3, check out the documentation: https://c3-lang.org or download it and try it out: https://github.com/c3lang/c3c